Karl Popper’s Falsification and the Demarcation of Scientific Knowledge: A Digest

In the pursuit of understanding what makes a science a science, we are faced with the challenge of demarcation. This challenge requires us to differentiate between genuine sciences and pseudo sciences in a motivated and nonarbitrary way. While it is important to acknowledge other epistemically special endeavors like mathematics, engineering, and art, our main focus is on distinguishing between true sciences and those that falsely claim the special epistemic status that science holds. Read more…

Glyphosate: Environmental Toxicology Report

This environmental toxicology report has been made by creating a collection of a range of sources on the biological effects of glyphosate. The executive summary brings into focus a general overview of the peer reviewed research which is found on the effects of glyphosate on a range of species and subjects. Read more…

N Acetyl Cysteine in Problem Drug Use and Psychiatric Treatments: A Verbatim Science Method

This article explores n acetyl cysteine as a therapeutic and continues the exploration of scientific method and research techniques available to us all which help us establish whether knowledge is increasingly reliable or decreasingly reliable. The professionalisation and financialisation of various aspects of life brings with it pros and cons. As science and medicine become increasingly politicised, it seems a vital part of culture to ensure the demystification of these fields so that everyone can gain from the agency to make up their own mind on issues which are relevant to them. Read more…

Exploratory Study: Vitamin D and COVID 19 – Evidence for Prevention and Treatment

This is an exploratory study based on the work that Professor Roger Seheult MD has shared through his Med Cram bulletin and Dr John Campbell. It can be viewed as an exercise in investigatory method and exploratory study exploring what underlying biochemical mechanisms might offer accounts of the therapeutic observations which Prof Seheult and Dr Cambell are discussing.

Prospecting Document: Molybdenum Adjunct to Thiamine Therapy in Relation to Alcohol Use

This is a prospecting document examining what is known about thiamine (vitamin B1) in the light of a proposed adjunct therapy of molybdenum to improve its efficacy in alcohol use disorder. Lots is understood about thiamine and the vital role it plays in metabolising ethanol and carbohydrates. The document was drawn up to open discussion in the field of addiction and recovery exploring a multifactoral approach to optimise the effectiveness of a known and tested treatment.
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Bronchial Asthma and Atopy: A Concorded Hypothesis by Alex Dunedin

This is a thesis examining bronchial asthma and allergic conditions (Type 1 Hypersensitivity) postulating them as a result of a deficiency of the enzyme lipoprotein lipase and glucuronidation which functions in phase II detoxification processes. Structured and laid out as an example of a concorded hypothesis for the purposes of examining methodologies in the the sciences and knowledge production, the document is designed to provoke and facilitate discussion on the formation of hypotheses. In this case the content of the thesis is almost beside the point. The question of how we build and document understandings so that arguments may be discussable, accountable and testable is of greater interest. Read more…

Multiple Sclerosis: Complete Literature Review and Appended Hypothesis by Alex Dunedin

This is a complete manuscript created over several years investigating the medicine and science of Multiple Sclerosis. It forms a literature review which has been arranged and where a particular line of thought has been drawn out to form a hypothesis. Trying to answer the questions of just what ‘Multiple Sclerosis’ is and what causes it led me to seeing a pattern of events which seemed to make sense in context with all the information which I had read. Read more…

A Study of Multiple Sclerosis: A Bibliography by Alex Dunedin

This is the bibliography to the complete study of multiple sclerosis which is being published on the Ragged University website over time.

The information resources listed below have been used to create the study and should be consulted in their original texts and compared to get a deeper perspective of the medicine. This bibliography is for reference and where possible digital links have been made out to the source texts to make the forensic task easier. You can find the full written thesis here: Multiple Sclerosis A Hypothesis